Chimiotherapie anticancereuse par chambre implantable : evaluation et mise au point d'une pratique innovante de perfusion des anticancereux en cô te d'ivoire

Over the past 40 years, the implantable chamber (ICP) has become an essential tool for the delivery of cancer chemotherapy. In sub-Saharan Africa, very few cancer treatment centres use it. In Côte d'Ivoire this practice started in 2014. Aim: To review the practice of chemotherapy by implantable chamber in Côte d'Ivoire after seven years of expertise in order to contribute to its improvement and popularisation. Materials and method: Retroactive and prospective study with descriptive and analytical aims carried out over a period of 38 months (May 2018 -June 2021) and covering two hundred and eleven IPCs in a cancer treatment centre in the city of Abidjan (Novaoncology). In search of factors associated with complications, we performed the chi-square test which was considered significant with a p-value < 0.05. Results: The mean age of our patients was 49.24 years with a sex ratio of 0.33. 78.2% of the patients were treated at the installation site (Novaoncology). chemotherapy for breast and colorectal cancers were the main indications for installation with 49.2% and 21.8% of cases respectively. 52% of patients had stage IV cancers at the time of IPC placement. The activity of the procedure is expected to double in 2 years between 2018 and 2020 (from 33 to 77 procedures/year). The percutaneous venous approach by IJV puncture was performed in all patients, 89% of whom were on the right side. 24 (11.37%) complications were recorded of which 14 (6.63%) were infectious. Only 2 germs were identified: a Staphylococcus aureus and an Enterobacter aerogene. One patient had an unfavourable outcome. 37 (17.1%) IPC removals were performed, 62.16% of which were for complications. 83.13% of patients were satisfied with the quality of the implantation and their chemotherapy through an implantable chamber, while 78.31% found the cost to be high. Conclusion: As in Western countries, the placement and use of the implantable chamber for cancer chemotherapy in Côte d'Ivoire is well mastered and appreciated. The profile of complications is similar to the data in the literature. Prospective studies with large samples will allow a better characterization of these complications in our context. Key words: Cancer -implantable chamber -chemotherapy -Côte d'Ivoire